Interesting discussion but : Lately, we clearly see the images on television that most jihadist fighters are black Africans and it is passed over in silence by people like you and Malians in general. Gloria, seriously you should take the advice from “Tamasheq” above. Also, please note that the US political officer who wrote this cable didn’t do it from Washington DC as you said. and how? Like they funded MNLA, by theway, how was MNLA funded anybody knows how??? I just notice that you are more partisan than anybody. Ceci est une contribution à la paix d’un Malien Touareg affligé par le sort réservé à son cher Pays. In addition: Tout comme vous, j’explore aussi les voies et moyens pour une solution consensuelle, satisfaisante et humaine à ce problème qui nous fait mal à nous tous. Professor Whitehouse, I think I am better off going and arguing with a brick wall. Worse that the NORTH you have cities down SOUTH, like Mahina, that have to work very hard to have food and still supply other areas ! As a scholar I have the responsibility to correct any false claims I have made. What does it mean by “northern Mali”? The polarization of the debate shows how sensitive the issue is. My village has about 4500 inhabitants (it’s part of a commune of 13000 people). Man don’t let denial blind side you. By the way, Black tuaregs are their slaves or descended of slaves. I want to ask you : you said MNLA doesn’t represent Tuaregs in Azawad ,so do you represent Tuaregs in Azawad? You are wasting your time. I spent hours talking to a Touareg who stayed at home in Gao thoughout the entire Islamist occupation. Do you think that more violence is the best way to solve your problem ? Berbers aka Imazighen are NOT from the Middle East. I think you supporters of MNLA, call this Racism ??? Berbers aka Imazighen are NOT White. Let me ask you a questions : how someone who wants to eliminate you could allow you in his government??? Comme Il y a énormément d’argent en jeu avec le trafic de drogue et les versements de rançons, le temps de se rendre compte le Mali était déjà à un stade de non retour. Some of the comments are so off-base, it’s painfully clear (some of) the readers have either misunderstood it or not bothered to actually read it. Robbed who ever they wanted, is this by any chance a CRIME ? Tuaregs name now tarnished by gun welding bandits,drug traffickers who are using Islamic jihad to The point I want to make here is that you could have gone beyond the CIA fact-book and where you said “Songhay, a sedentary, phenotypically “black” population, are the biggest group in northern Mali”, you could have added that the Songhay (despite their high numbers) only occupy a smaller area of the North, and these areas that they occupy are towns located in the southern areas of the “North”. La petition même si elle est signée par deux touaregs leur voix doit compter. “They are not Tuareg,” he scoffed. Then if you are a Majority, how come the Population Never EVER accepted the MNLA in these Past 10 Months…. Hey cousines Fati and Mariama, am so glad you guys are in the debate! In soft-pedaling the ethnic hatred, you are showing your support for it. Many Tuaregs are on the mulatto or quadroon range. But frankly, you did not accomplish in this post whatever the title indicated because there was too much time spent proving that Tuaregs are minorities that do not get along and are hated by everyone else, without bringing into the equation the problem from the Tuareg’s perspective and highlighting some of the views from those passionate about Azawad. Perhaps a trip now to the Mbera and Fassala refugee camps might be in order. This blog is a labor of love for me, though I have to say that I’m not loving it so much today. What a strong post and enlightening comments by all – i ni che! The next time you want to express you biased views about Tuaregs in Mali I suggest you do more research. In the Fifth Century BC, Greek historian Herodotus wrote about the Tuaregs. I have been one of the first Tuareg from Mali, since January 2012 to say clearly and permanently to my brothers, friends, etc. Sinon allons-nous conclure que tu fais juste de la diversion. Emotions have no place in an intellectual debate (hatred least of all). At the end of the day, your post is not just about the facts and the sources behind which you hide, it is really about the message that you are passing on to the reader. The main problem still remains : what to do? Le Mali doit reconnaitre que cette rébellion endémique qui a existé avant la colonisation et après les indépendances, n’a jamais tenu compte des populations de l’intérieur pourtant toujours restées fidèles. Revenez sur terre. Most of the residents in the southwest and along the Niger River are black-skinned, though not all are of the same ethnicity. I have done quite a bit of homework when it comes down to the Malian army. They are so well behaved that they were even Kadaffis Body Guards to all the Incredible things they did to Women, amanzing Culture, amazing tactics to treat the Human Being up North of Mali. Même si la paix vient par signature sur papier, elle ne sera jamais effective sans le développement pour arracher la population du Nord de la misère, donc des mains d’AQMI, de la drogue, etc. “Later in Bamako I met a light-skinned, turbaned Targui (the singular form of “Tuareg”) who knew them, but he objected to my assimilating them with his own ethnic category. On top of your article I see: Understanding Mali’s “Tuareg problem” The Tuaregs do not own slaves today, and do not capture people or hold them as slaves. The oft-cited grievance that there is no paved road from Gao to Kidal says just as much about the leadership in Gao and Kidal as it does about Bamako. Pingback: Intervention In Mali | Crossed Crocodiles. “According to a 2008 cable from the US State Department, Tuaregs represent more than 50% of the population in northern Mali” Women's Fashion. your imaginary azamerd can exist if people from timbuktu and gao think like you do, but unfortunetely you still even not on limit of the past. However, I must admit that your recent post shows critical reflection, which is exactly why you are being attacked not on its merit, but rather on biases of some Tuareg and apparently more “ethical” and deserving colleagues of yours. So, I find pointless to discuss how many pale-skinned people are there in the North, how many Tuaregs, who is right and who is wrong and so on. . No one should take anything you say seriously because it is clear that you have a lethal axe to grind on the Tuareg people, without any authority whatsoever. 2) the Tuareg are a minority in the north: it seems that Mariam Walet Anara already provided some facts proving that Tuaregs are not a minority in the North. You owe an apology to the hundreds of thousands of Tuareg people that you have disrespected at a time when they are fleeing racialized hatred and genocidal attacks. La présence d’Aqmi au nord du Mali a été tolérée pendant des années par les autorités de Bamako. Did you learn Tamashek so that you could conduct extensive, in depth interviews face to face without an interpreter? I’m suspecting you did not go to the north or learn Tamashek because you said yourself “[t]hanks Andy for your thorough and thoughtful feedback. Your credibility too. Indeed, the Tuaregs organized into tribes in the first millennium before the Christian era, formed territories ruled by the queen Tin Hinan. ; or that the label of “historically oppressed minority” doesn’t easily fit their history), address the sources it’s based on, and explain why the claim is wrong, or add important context I omitted. Calling us “bastards” is not going to solve anything and only demonstrates your ignorance. A message to my people: Can we halt America’s tribalization. even though what they wrote was pretty clear…. Even if he had become unpopular (and remember that once a “big man” falls in Africa, popular opinion tends to condemn him, under the illusion that a redistribution of power and influence would occur that might benefit some of them or people they knew) why wouldn’t his enemies use the projected election to throw him out? The Tuaregs are of Berber descent, having probably moved south from African areas now labeled as Mauritania, Morocco, Libya and Egypt. How so?! I think they are much smarter than that. Tuareg voices have been shut up for much too long. In Arabic language, their name suggests “abandoned by God.” They however refer to themselves as "freemen", or “Imohag.” … Apart from anything else, Algeria won’t allow it to happen. Bonne continuation Cher Monsieur! 6th century Isidore Archbishop of Seville claimed the word Maure meant black … The truth will prevail; no one can hide anything anymore on any side. Actually you are absolutely Correct ! I even looked it up and found a couple of definitions: 1) based on the idea of insects that suddenly come out from under boards in a house where they have been hidden; 2) to appear after being hidden or not active for a long time, especially in order to do something unpleasant…so, either he is an insect or he is unpleasant…pick one. Their political organizations extend across national boundaries. Thanks for giving me something to think about. My own sisters are living there in peace, fraternity with theri Bambara, Bozo, Pular, Malinke, etc. I understand his position on slavery by only frequenting a specific part of population. And even if that is the case, it is still a PROBLEM and it needs to be addressed honestly and productively; and not just be dismissed. It is not showing up yet, because he retains the right to filter posts and deny them. In order to prove the non-existence of this “Tuareg problem”, you do a pretty good job at gathering evidence, which I will be happy to debate anytime, however I think that the harm is not only in what you wrote (via your sources), but rather in what you left out. Funding? The file is in evidence with ICC and this time, those of you defend are afraid because they know what they have done. Depuis notre indépendance, la faute d’un Touareg ou d’un Arabe retombe sur toute sa race sans distinction. My prediction is that we will now see Ifoghas power in terminal decline and the rise of Taghat Mellet, Chamanamas, Imghad and Iklan leaders. “ … Wow!! And in which context did this particular individual make this remark? I realized I was wrong when I received from a colleague on malilink news about the post and reactions to it. This does not excuse an armed rebellion, nor does it provide grounds for your insults. Despite the fact that they are represented in government, there is still a Tuareg insurgency. Votre commentaire était alors une réaction exaggérée. Tuareg, Berber-speaking pastoralists who inhabit an area in North and West Africa ranging from Touat, Algeria, and Ghadames, Libya, to northern Nigeria and from Fezzan, Libya, to Timbuktu, Mali. Ceci étant dit, je vais quand même continuer à suivre le fil des publications puisqu’apparemment je suis interdit de donner un avis contraire….Bonne continuation à vous en espérant que vous trouverez la formule pour nous sortir tous (les maliens) de l’ornière. Lets stop Vixtimising something that is non existant ! Ce manque de communication, de dialogue, d’écoute et d’ouverture d’esprit entre deux visions, deux positions différentes et même parfois divergentes, est a mon avis un sérieux problème auquel nous devons tous remédier car si nous voulons avancer, si nous souhaitons surmonter et résoudre nos problèmes, il va de soi que nous devons “apprendre” a nous écouter, a dialoguer, a communiquer et a accepter nos différences et divergences de points de vue. By intellectual honesty, you should not write about this subject ! The Tuareg people are about 2 million nomadic people who live across the Sahara Desert, including in the North African countries of Mali, Niger, Libya, Algeria and Chad. Avec toute ma fraternité et toute mon amitié. He has patronized the Songhai (language he speaks properly), Bellah (former slaves) and other ethnic southerners in the city. le déluge d’aide étrangère à la lutte antiterroriste, sans résultat tangible sur la réduction de la menace, a conduit à douter de la volonté des autorités maliennes de lutter contre Aqmi. Just dirt tracks, like under French rule, over 50 years ago. I am very well aware of the the wikileaks cable and how they came about. Il faut qu’on se comprenne, si vous voulez vous en prendre a M. Hall alors faites-le ailleurs. I also did a long interview with an MNLA fighter who was one of last combattants to be ejected by the MUJAO from the Gouvernorat in Gao last July. In the past you came across (to me at least) as having simplistic views about this issue (although I refrained from using those words in my responses) . Has anyone of the above ever heard of Ganda Koy? It’s true that you are “no expert on the Tuareg,” and you should not be making arguments against them. And much regret Mali .. on lack of understanding of the demands of azawad! He was no fan of the MUJAO and was hauled up in front of the Islamist police for being a smoker and a musician, but he pointed out the irony of the fact that, as a Touareg, life for him in Gao was possible under the MUJAO, but is impossible under the Malian army. Truth be told, Imazighen are a mixed multitude. I beg you, please enlighten us…. They are living and surviving in one of the hardest terrains and climates on this earth. Thanks, Bruce, for bringing up a subject that so many would rather avoid. The claims that Berbers were originally "black" are silly. Malheureusement, sans cela nous resterons éternellement dans un “dialogue de sourds” et nos échanges perdront de leur substance et finiront comme nous le constatons en règlements personnels/ inter-personnels et en critiques vives et morales, en diatribes. Also, please understand that the skin color does not define who is Tuareg and who is not. The upper classes, organized in tribes, convoyed caravans and, until subdued by France, were feared as raiders. This is all miss him as one of the Tuareg azawad in Mali! Select from premium Tuaregs of the highest quality. ”I just posted the following on Bruce Whitehouse’s article. You have tried to shut up the Tuaregs who have posted on your blog, telling them (in French) to keep their opinions to themselves, while at the same time blathering your own racist opinions against the Tuareg people. But by doing so, create de facto an Azawad nation ? And while you were a Peace Corps volunteer, did you live with the Tuaregs? You just did a good job in bringing this debate. Many of malian army in north was light-skin And this figure does not including all the Malian Tuaregs who fled Mali in the 90’s to take refuge in neighboring Algeria, Mauritania, Libya, etc. I'm so confused. That is certainly what I am hoping for Mali. However, when it comes to mass killings and descrimination , the West African regimes extermely involved in this regard against Tuaregs both Mali and Niger did the same for Tuaregs . At the bottom you write: I’m no expert on the Tuareg or northern Mali in general, and I don’t claim to offer any solutions. And how do you explain the hundreds of thousands of refugees in neighboring Burkina Faso, Mauritania, and Niger? 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